Understanding Credit Reports and Scores with Experian’s Rod Griffin | Ep. 325

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You know what it is. That's right. It's time to talk money with your money

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nerd and financial coach. Now tighten those purse strings

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and open those ears. It's the money talk with Tiff

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podcast.

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Hey, everyone. I am so excited because I have a very special

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guest on the line today. I have Rod Griffin from Experian, and

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he's here to talk to us about credit misconceptions.

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So, hey, Rod, how are you today? I'm great. Good morning, and thanks for having

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me. Yes, thank you so much for taking time at us of your busy schedule

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to talk to our audience about this. So let's just hop right in. So, first

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and foremost, who is Experian? Just so we can lay the

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groundwork for people. Sure. Experian is

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an information services company, and

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we're best known as one of

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the big three credit bureaus in the United States. That's

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just actually one of our businesses. But we do lots of things

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around information. So, you know, just to

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kind of give you a sense, we're actually the world's largest information services

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company. We have operations in more than 30 countries.

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But your credit report never leaves the United States. So we

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operate essentially independently from nation to nation, and

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we have businesses around fraud and identity theft. We

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have an automotive history business. So if you want to learn

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about the used car you're about to buy, you can get an Experian auto check

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report and learn more about that. We have a business that

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helps healthcare providers with cash flow management and is working on tools

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to help people better manage their healthcare

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information and relationships with their

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doctors. So a wide range of

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different businesses. But for today, we're the

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credit bureau side of our company. Yeah, perfect. And I'm glad you

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went into all of that, because I had no idea.

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You know, everybody's so focused on credit, and that's what we know

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Experian as one of the big three. So with that, that being

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said, when it comes to credit, what are some

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misconceptions when it comes to credit scores, credit reports, things

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of that nature that you've seen in your work? Sure. How

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long do we have? Because we can go on a long time.

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So just sort of the kind of the. I

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guess I hit some of the top ones that always come to mind. The first

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is that credit is bad. You know,

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credit isn't bad. Credit's a financial tool. Debt is the financial

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problem. If you take on too much and you don't have to have

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debt to use credit. The example I often use

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is that if you have a credit card and you make all of your purchases

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each month, and then you pay the balance in full. And when you do, you

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get cash back on purchases or discounts on things you buy,

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or airline miles or whatever it might be. That gives

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you financial advantage. And you

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don't take on any debt, so you don't have to have debt. When you have

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credit, usually there's some debt associated, but at the same

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time, you also can use credit to help you improve your financial

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life and your overall lifestyle if you do it

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wisely. There are, for example, most of us can't buy

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a house using cash. So if you have credit established, you're using it

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well. It can help you achieve the goal of

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homeownership. Most of us can't buy a new car with cash, but we

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can work toward that. And good credit will help you

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save money by having lower interest rates, and better

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terms will help you access other kinds of

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financial services and resources. Having a

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credit history is one of the keys

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to gaining access to better financial

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opportunities. And that, I think, is another common

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misperception that, that a credit report is a

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barrier to financial

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opportunity when it really should be the opposite. If

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you're using your credit well and you understand how credit reporting and credit

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works, credit becomes a financial,

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very powerful financial tool to help you have other

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opportunities and is really key to opening the

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door to those other kinds of financial

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agreements. That's one of the things I want people to understand, is that we

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want you to have a strong credit history. We want to help

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connect you with business, with

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other financial services providers, with banks and so on,

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because that's going to empower you to be more successful and

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have a better, stronger life. And that's what we really want to

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have happen. Yeah, I was just going to say,

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that is so true. And that's something that I tell my audience all the time.

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For a long time, I was scared, terrified of credit.

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And it wasn't until I was in, like my early twenties or

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so where I finally broke down and got a credit card. But

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it was like the best thing that ever happened because, you know, I bought my

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house when I was 26, you know, buy cars, whatever it is,

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and I couldn't have done that had I not started paying attention to my

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credit and actually getting credit. So I'm glad that you mentioned that.

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Yeah, I mean, it's, it's a different way to think about it. Many times, you

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know, we think about credit being this thing that gets us into

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trouble, but it's like any, you know, I still, people it's like any tool. If

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you have a hammer and you hit the nail with it, it's great. If you

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hit your thumb, not so much. So it's how you use the tools that

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you have available. And if you use it well, it's going to

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give you much greater opportunity in, in the long term,

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you know, so a couple of other kinds of misperceptions. You know, people are afraid

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to get their credit report because they're afraid it will hurt their credit scores or

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hurt their ability to get credit. That's absolutely not true. You can get your

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credit report as often as you like, and you should know what's in it. You

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should get it. I always tell people a minimum of once a year, probably more

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often than that. You can subscribe to free monitoring services. Of course, experian

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has the monitoring service, as do others, and get your credit

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report and credit score once a month. Know exactly what's there, make

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sure you're not a victim of fraud or identity theft. And if you find

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evidence, it can help you recover and restore your

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credit history. So it's a very important tool to help protect

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you, and it, again, will help you build your credit scores. You'll know what's there.

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It doesn't affect credit scores. To get your own credit report, you can actually

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get your credit report 156 times a year for free

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through annualcreditreport.com dot. So, you know, it was the

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losses. You can get it once a year from each of the three bureaus. So

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you could get three. But the credit bureaus have now made permanent a

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policy that if you go to annualcreditreport.com, you can get your credit

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report from each of the three bureaus free once a week. So

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there's no reason not to check your credit report. You don't have to worry about

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it affecting credit scores or hurting your credit

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in any way. And I guess to touch on credit

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scores, there's a ton of misperceptions around credit

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scores. They start with, a

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credit score is not the same as your credit report. I often hear

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people connect the two as if they're the same or talk about them as if

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they're the same and they're not. A credit score

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is a tool that's used to analyze the information in your

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report. It's what lenders use to help them predict the likelihood you'll

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repay a loan as agreed, and it

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reflects the information in your report at a moment in time. The way I kind

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of describe it is if you think about you being in school and you do

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a paper that's like the credit report, the teacher

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is kind of like the lender, the banker. And the

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credit score is like the grade that the teacher gives. It reflects the

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information in that paper, and that's what a credit score does. And it

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will change as the information in your credit score or in your credit

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report, pardon me? Does. So I always tell people, don't focus so much

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on the number. Instead focus on what's in the credit report. That's going

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to help you improve the strength of that homework. Right.

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Or the test you've taken. That's going to help improve the credit history. If you

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take care of your credit history, the credit scores are going to take care of

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themselves. And I think one last thing I would touch on is

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people often ask me, why are there so many different credit scores?

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And you have three credit reports, one from Experian, one from

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Transunion, one from Equifax. There are lots and

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lots of different credit scores. And the reason is that

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there are different types of lenders, and there are different types of

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lending. So a credit union, for example, has a certain

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type of customer. They have certain characteristics, and so they have

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credit scores that reflect and help them predict the risk

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associated with their customers. If you are a national bank, your

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customers have different kinds of behaviors and different kinds

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of financial needs and accounts and those sorts of things. So they

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have scores that reflect their customer

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behaviors and help them predict risk for them. The same thing is true for

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credit cards or mortgage lenders. They're looking at different

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things, and then there are different types of lending. So if you're getting a credit

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card, they want to predict the likelihood that

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you'll pay your credit card bill on time. If you're buying a house,

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the mortgage company wants to predict the likelihood you'll pay your mortgage on time.

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If you're buying a car, they want to know your pay your car loan on

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time. They may not care so much about the other types of

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accounts you have. They do, of course, but it's,

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you know, they're looking at what kind of loan

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are you getting, because people will pay them differently. And the things

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that indicate risk from a credit report for each of those are different. And that's

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why there are different credit scores. They're just trying to predict different kinds of things

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for different kinds of consumers. So

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it's. So there's lots of scores. Three credit reports. Gotcha. Gotcha.

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So just to recap, all of the credit scores that a person

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could possibly have are originated from those three

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credit reports. Correct? Yes, in a way. So they're calculated

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using the information from the credit reports, but they can come

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into, they can be done in different ways or calculated

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by different, in different places. So if

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a lender comes to experian and, you know, you've applied for a

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loan, they can come to Experian, say, I want. I want Tiff's credit report,

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and then I want a FICO eight score applied. When you

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send it to me, Experian can provide that service. So we

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would, we get paid for compiling the credit report, and

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then FICO gets paid for their score, and we route

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the report through the score. And that score is Fico's score. It's not experience.

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We don't know as a credit bureau what that formula

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is. That's proprietary to Fico. And there are actually

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something in excess of 200 different scores we can do that

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for. So that's one way scores get calculated, and we send the

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report and the score together to the lender. And when the lender gets

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the report, they can say, well, I want to see this on my screen. I

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want the identifying information from the report, and then I want the scores, and

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then I want the rest of the report. And so it looks like the score

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is part of the report, when in fact, it's not. It's a separate

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process, two different things, but they're delivered together, if

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that makes sense. So that's one way scores happen.

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Another is that we send the report to the lender, and then the lender

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calculates their own scores. I mean, most of the large lenders have their own

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risk management divisions, is what they call them, and they have their own scoring

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systems, and they'll apply the scores then. So we wouldn't be

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involved. If you're buying a house, there are third party

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mortgage reporting companies, and you said they get the reports and they get other information

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from the application, and then they would calculate a score

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and send all of that to the mortgage company, so we

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wouldn't be involved in the scoring process. So scores can come from several different

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places. Very cool, very interesting. I never knew that.

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And, you know, when you think about, you know, the big credit

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bureaus and when you go to, like, a lender, for instance, and they're like, oh,

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we're gonna pull, you know, you never know what's going on in the back

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end, like, how everything is getting compiled for them. But

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I'm glad you brought that up, because that is something that I hear a lot

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of, you know, people might check, like their credit karma or

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credit sesame, whatever you know, those are, and they're like, oh, this is

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my credit score. And I'm like, you actually have hundreds of credit

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scores, but they're all real. And they're

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all valid. You know, I hear that, too. You know, what's a fake Oscar? What's

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an educational score? Well, they're real credit

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scores. You know, with some of the others, there's. Vantage score is a big player

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in the, in the credit marketplace. I just

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saw a statistic from them that their, their

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presence grew by more than 43% last

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year in the scoring world. And

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so they're becoming more

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prevalent in sort of the non lending areas where

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credit reports and scores are used. So things like getting a cell phone, for example,

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or utilities, those sorts of things. Insurance,

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potentially. You know, they're not your traditional

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lending kinds of circumstances, but they use credit reports because you're

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paying a bill that's very much like a loan. It's once a

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month you have a bill. It's the same amount you paid each month. So they're

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making a financial decision, and they will look at

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credit scores. So vantage score is a big player. Fico, of

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course, is the one people know about. And then there are other custom

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scores, and they each have more than one score.

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And again, for the reasons that I kind of touched on

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earlier. Yes, yes. Now, if someone's

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listening right now and they're like, all right, Rod, I hear you. I

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understand how all this works. My credit score is in the trash.

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What is the first thing you think people should do or

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work on when it comes to their credit score? Like, what has the biggest return

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on investment? Yeah. So the first step is get

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your credit report and a score and then a list

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of what we call the risk factors that go with that score. And when you

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get your score from Experian through our free monitoring service, for

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example, we give you a credit report. We give you the

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score, a FICO eight score, and a list

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of the things that are most affecting that score. And

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we call those risk factor statements. Those will tell you

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exactly what you need to work on in your credit report to make that

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score better. So that's where I would start. Get the

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information you need to empower yourself. Know what's affecting that

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score. Sometimes they sound kind of funny. People are like, this doesn't make

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any sense, but they are telling you exactly what's

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having the biggest impact. And you can look at your credit report

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and tie those back and know exactly what you need to work on over

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time to make them better. There are really

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only two things that you need to do every single time,

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every month to have good credit scores. And

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that is you have to pay your bills on time, every single time. If you

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miss a payment, it's going to wreck your credit scores. And then you have to

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keep your credit card balances as low as possible. So if you can pay

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your credit card balances in full each month, that's the best thing to do.

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And if you're doing those two things, your scores are going to be fine, because

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all of the other stuff that goes into scores follow those.

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So you know, you'll build a length of credit history. You'll have

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a mix of credit over time. You won't have lots

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of new inquiries or new changes

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in your credit history. So if you're paying your bills on time and keeping your

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balances low, that's gonna help you have the best credit

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scores. And that's often easier said than

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done, but that's what you have to

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do. Gotcha. Gotcha. And I wanna hit on one thing that I hear a

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lot of, and this is very much so in

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the social media streets, but just dispute everything you can just

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dispute, and then it'll just fall off. So if you can

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just hit on. That for a minute, well, you can dispute

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everything. It probably won't just fall off.

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So if you find something in your credit report that

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you believe is not accurate, you absolutely

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should dispute it. And that's what that process is for.

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With Experian, we try to make it as easy as possible. You can go to

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Experian.com dispute. If you don't have a current

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copy of your credit report, we'll give you a free one right there on the

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spot. And beside each entry, there's a button, and

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you can say, I need to dispute it, click the button, and then follow the

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instructions and submit the dispute. There's no cost to

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do that, and it doesn't affect lending decisions in

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any way. And you absolutely should dispute the

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information, the scheme,

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in what I think of as sort of the illegitimate

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credit repair kinds of schemes that they have that they'll tell

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you to dispute something over and over and over again, and

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eventually it will come off the report. Well, what they're really trying to do

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is take advantage of what they'll tell you is a loophole in the law.

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So a lender, if you dispute something, has to respond to the

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credit bureau within 30 days. And if they don't,

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we'll remove that account from the credit report. But what

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the credit repair companies don't tell you, and you know, they don't tell you on

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social media is that if a lender misses that

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dispute, they can tell us to return the

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information to the credit report, and

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then we just have to send you a letter saying it's come back. And

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that was a change in the law in the

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early two thousands because credit repair

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was trying to falsely manipulate the

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information by submitting literally hundreds of disputes on an

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account, hoping that that would happen. And

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Congress even saw that. There needs to be a mechanism to put

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it back when it's accurate, but it's just a

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scheme that was being manipulated in the law to get it taken

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off. So that's where that generally comes from. Gotcha. Gotcha.

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So really what's happening is they're disputing

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it and then waiting for the other

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party to respond. If they don't respond, it falls off.

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But it always has a chance to come back if it's an actual legitimate

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thing that should be on your credit, right? Yes. And

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the source of the information, usually lender will tell us,

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you'll send a notice saying this account information should be

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restored to the credit file and in response

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to the dispute, and then we will send you a

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notice that it has been returned. So that's how that

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would work. Gotcha. Gotcha. So everybody listening, be careful.

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If it's actually legitimate, it may turn right back around and come back on

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your credit report. So thank you so much, Rod, for joining me on the

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podcast today. This was very insightful. I've learned a few things

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just from our conversation. So if people were interested in finding out

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more about Experian or you, where could they find you? Sure, they can

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go to experian.com, of course. And we have something called ask Experian

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that answers questions and provides lots and lots of information.

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You can search for any, just about any topic. Great place to

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start. You can join us on credit chat every Wednesday

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00 Central, 03:00 Eastern. You can learn more about it

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at ex PN credit chat. We have

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wonderful conversations about personal finance topics,

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credit and other things. So, you know, you join us there, and we're happy

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to be thrilled to have you with us and sharing your knowledge and experience

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and others as well. And I'm

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on Twitter odd Griffin and

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out there and about just about everywhere else. So, you

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know, join us and be part of the conversation. I think that's the most

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important thing you can do. Yeah. Thank you so much. I will make sure I

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have all of those links in the show notes and just a quick note about

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the credit chats. I'm actually a guest occasionally and it

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is very fun, very good information. It's usually a panel of

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a few of us talking about a certain topic for that week

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and I love the conversations. Highly recommend if you're over

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on X, formally known as Twitter, definitely check those out.

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And one more thing I wanted to mention about Experian and also the

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other credit bureaus are credit freezes. That's something that

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I also do as well. So check out the Experian website

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and just mosey around. It seems like I need to do a little moseying

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myself. Thank you, Rod and I hope you have a wonderful rest of your

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day. Thank you. You too. Take care. Thank you.

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Bye. Thank you for listening, joining and

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being a part of the Money Talk with TIFF podcast this week. You can check

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Tiff out every Thursday for a new Money Talk podcast, but if you

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just can't wait until next week, you can listen to previous podcast

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episodes@moneytalkwitht.com or

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follow TIFF on all social media platforms. Forms at money talk

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with t until next time, spend wise by

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spending less than you make a word to the money wise is always

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sufficient.